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Establish Environmental and Health Risk Assessment Technology

Absrtact	This study investigated the environmental exposures to pollutants from multiple medians (ambient, water, soil, fish and vegetable) and assessed health risks for child, adult and elderly populations in a residential area near Kaohsiung Linhai Industrial Park in southern Taiwan. Three daily samples with measurements (VOCs, metals, PAHs, dioxin) were collected from multiple sites and multiple exposure medians (ambient, soil, water, fish and vegetable) for four seasons in 2017-2018. We then evaluated the non-cancer and cancer risks of specific pollutants with probabilistic distributions by performing the Monte-Carlo simulation. The results from measurements and dispersion model (AERMOD) were then compared. We also used the positive matrix factorization (PMF) model to quantify potential sources of ambient VOCs and PM10-bound metals. After intergrating cancer risk with the same target organs for elders (70 years old, with the highest health risk), leukemia was 5.410-4 (95% UL=1.510-3), respiratory system cancer was 6.210-4 (95% UL=2.310-3), liver cancer was 5.210-4 (95% UL=2.110-3), stomach cancer was 2.810-6 (95% UL=4.410-6), Kidney cancer was 1.910-5 (95% UL=5.410-5), hemangiosarcomas was 1.110-4 (95% UL=2.510-4) and skin cnacer was 1.510-6 (95%UL=3.910-5). As to non-cancer risk, the hazard quotient (HQ) for acrolein was 2.9, exceeding guideline limits set by USEPA. The most concerned pollutants resulting above health effects are benzene, 1,3-butadiene, vinyl chloride, acrylonitrile, 1,2-dichloroethane, and acrolein, and those decline with following yeras. Potential sources of benzene were industrial emission (including petrochemical) (49%), traffic-related emission (33%) and gasoline evaporation (18%). 1,3-butadiene were related to traffic-related emission (79%) and petrochemical industrial emission (21%). Vinyl chloride, acrylonitrile and 1,2-dichloroethane were associated with petrochemical industrial emissions. As to the non-carcinogen of acrolein, the attention for the concentration generated from domestic indoor activities needs to be paid.
Keyword	Health risk assessment, Environmental monitoring, source apportionment

Absrtact

This study investigated the environmental exposures to pollutants from multiple medians (ambient, water, soil, fish and vegetable) and assessed health risks for child, adult and elderly populations in a residential area near Kaohsiung Linhai Industrial Park in southern Taiwan. Three daily samples with measurements (VOCs, metals, PAHs, dioxin) were collected from multiple sites and multiple exposure medians (ambient, soil, water, fish and vegetable) for four seasons in 2017-2018. We then evaluated the non-cancer and cancer risks of specific pollutants with probabilistic distributions by performing the Monte-Carlo simulation. The results from measurements and dispersion model (AERMOD) were then compared. We also used the positive matrix factorization (PMF) model to quantify potential sources of ambient VOCs and PM10-bound metals. After intergrating cancer risk with the same target organs for elders (70 years old, with the highest health risk), leukemia was 5.410-4 (95% UL=1.510-3), respiratory system cancer was 6.210-4 (95% UL=2.310-3), liver cancer was 5.210-4 (95% UL=2.110-3), stomach cancer was 2.810-6 (95% UL=4.410-6), Kidney cancer was 1.910-5 (95% UL=5.410-5), hemangiosarcomas was 1.110-4 (95% UL=2.510-4) and skin cnacer was 1.510-6 (95%UL=3.910-5). As to non-cancer risk, the hazard quotient (HQ) for acrolein was 2.9, exceeding guideline limits set by USEPA. The most concerned pollutants resulting above health effects are benzene, 1,3-butadiene, vinyl chloride, acrylonitrile, 1,2-dichloroethane, and acrolein, and those decline with following yeras. Potential sources of benzene were industrial emission (including petrochemical) (49%), traffic-related emission (33%) and gasoline evaporation (18%). 1,3-butadiene were related to traffic-related emission (79%) and petrochemical industrial emission (21%). Vinyl chloride, acrylonitrile and 1,2-dichloroethane were associated with petrochemical industrial emissions. As to the non-carcinogen of acrolein, the attention for the concentration generated from domestic indoor activities needs to be paid.

Keyword

Health risk assessment, Environmental monitoring, source apportionment